The following are the outputs of the captioning taken during an IGF intervention. Although it is largely accurate, in some cases it may be incomplete or inaccurate due to inaudible passages or transcription errors. It is posted as an aid, but should not be treated as an authoritative record.
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>> So, we are about to start. Distinguished guests and online participants, come to forum 6 to Promoting Tech Companies to Ensure Children's Safety. In the room we will have discussion in the room. First allow me to introduce our distinguished guests and speakers. (?) from the China Federation of Internet Society, and Dora Giusti, (?) Chief of Child Protection of China and also a delight to have our global lead on Child Online Protection, Afrooz, which will join me online and join me with strategy with protection and starting with mission (?) as China officer, glad to facilitate this. We will start by Secretary‑General Mr. Zhao Hui will give presentation before we start, please.
>> ZHAO HUI: Good afternoon, I'm delighted to the forum of Children's Online Safety. On behalf of China Federation of Internet, I would like to extend warm congratulations and welcome to our distinguished guests. The China Federation of Internet Societies started in May 2018. We are honoured to hold spectators with United Nations Economic and Social Council. Currently, we have 524 members, including major Internet compilations, Zhang Lei, Tencent, too and Tong. China is one of largest Internet markets in the world with almost 1.1 billion users, including 196 million minors.
As new technologies like AI and Big Data take off, the Chinese government and (?)is focusing on protecting children online. Chinese pride and (?) has emphasized importance of creating clean and positive online environment, especially for young users. Please join the UN convention on Rise of the child, the government has been working to protect children online through laws, enforcement, course and education.
Notably, Cyberspace Administration of China as introduced regulation to protect minor cyberspace. Special actions are carried out to protect minors during summer months. Companies are doing their part and other groups like schools and media outlets are involved too. This has created a strong atmosphere in societies. There is growing concern about efforts to protect children online.
In keeping with the theme of this forum I would like to share action. First setting up specialized institution. In 2022 we set up special community with (?) Zhang Lei, Tencent and other agencies to protect children online. The community has encouraged community to get involved in protecting children online. We host conferences for causes, set industry standards, recognise practices. Second, public welfare actions were launched the broad programme, public welfare initiative to improve safety for children ‑‑ run (speaking non‑English language) we also make ‑‑ (audio difficulties) safety in five cities.
Third, resource and the reports. We worked with UNICEF to resource children's online safety. Visiting four provinces. The fundings were put together in a report called Children's Online Safety Needs Research, released report of Protection of Minors in Cyberspace 2024 and produced eras such as legislation and platform practices. Fourth International Collaboration and (?). We have hosted events on children's live protection, all international, such as IGF, Human Rights Council and World Internet Countries and has helped global awareness on this issue.
In 2024 ‑‑ UNICEF launched responsible vision in technology for children ‑‑ collection. Outstanding cases will be recommended to the UNICEF global case database, contributing channels experiences to the technology core innovation efforts of Internet companies worldwide.
Ladies and gentlemen, children are our future. It is the social responsibility ‑‑ (audio difficulties) use technology for good ‑‑ children's digital literacy online ‑‑ we can create a secure and healthy online environment for ‑‑
>> Thank you. Ms. Zhao summarizes how as a network could unite efforts from society, from the Internet companies and from the government. I demonstrate how China's approach to strengthen the safeguarding of childrens online. Ms. Zhao mentioned, a good and fruitful relationship with UNICEF China, so now we ‑‑ you might hear chief of child protection of UNICEF country office to give opening (?). Dora, please.
>> DORA GIUSTI: Good afternoon ‑‑ I think this mic ‑‑ good afternoon, I hope you can hear me. Distinguished panelists, thank you for joining us today. Thank you to the audience.
So today we are hosting this open forum to highlight the critical role that technological companies play in safeguarding children in the digital environment. The purpose is really to foster dialogue and collaboration among different stakeholders represented here. So tech companies, policymakers, researchers and practitioners on creating a safe digital environment.
A child goes online for the first time every half second. In China, as Ms. Zhao mentioned, there are 196 million children online with Internet penetration rate of 90%.
The Internet provides great opportunities for children to stay connected but not created for children so there are potential risks and harms identified and on the rise. With diversified patterns that are happening across the world. Some of these risks and harms include misuse of economic data, cyberbullying and harassment and sexual abuse and exploitation online.
The Use of AI and extended reality offer an opportunity but they have also exacerbated its risks, as perpetrators can potentially use this reality to take advantage of ‑‑ colleague Rui will speak about the global approach but just want to highlight the supports, multi ‑sectorial and multi ‑stakeholder approach to issue of digital safety, with emphasis on policies and laws on protection services, when children require support, responsibility of tech companies and also ‑‑ I think we need a new mic ‑‑ preventive efforts, families and schools. Maybe ‑‑ sorry.
So UNICEF China's been working with China Fderation of Internet Society since 2019 to promote the safe digital environment. Also with communication University of China that is the other host in this event. UNICEF China is committed to responsible business practices in the digital environment. So at the moment, as Ms. Zhao mentioned, we are working on action‑oriented research to foster dialogue and exchange among companies and among their experience in safety‑by‑design practices, so how companies have integrated child rights principles and safety principles in their products and services.
This is a process. So it is not pure documentation. It is a process that involves dialogue and sharing so it is strengthening products and policies of these companies but guide other companies in building safe products. We have also worked on AI and child rights. Together we worked on AI standard for children, based on the UNICEF policy guidance on AI for children, as well as also identifying positive and promising practices in Chinese companies. UNICEF China is promoted unprecedented research on behaviours and risks and needs of children, which will be published soon and hopefully will inform companies and policymakers.
We also work with other partners on strengthening with the welfare and justice sector. So I just want to highlight the role of the tech sector in responsible innovation. The role is key, critical in shaping a safe digital environment. First of all, it is key that there is a balance between technological innovation and responsibility to protect children. This means that companies can introduce child rights principle and produce products that are designed and aligned with safety by design. So they also need to take impact ‑‑ undertake impact assessment identify risk and align their products using a safety by design framework.
Also companies should fight with tech. So if there are dangers and risks in the products and services and platforms they can use AI and tech to make sure these products are safe but also that these platforms or contents are removed.
They can implement mechanisms to take down this harmful content and also report to the authorities. Also use AI to make sure children are reached out and get some counselling or support, as they require.
Then they have a preventive role to raise awareness of children among parents, among educators of potential risk and how to navigate safely. Finally, make child protection is a key priority. At the moment, what happens across the world often in companies is it is delegated to different areas, but this should be a key priority of all tech companies and should be a high‑level priority mainstreamed across different areas. Next.
Obviously, the role of tech sector we are discussing is fundamental, but for success, we also need to remember ‑‑ I go back to my earlier point we need a comprehensive strategy engaging multiple stakeholders. As I mentioned, with laws, regulated the tech companies but also with preventive efforts that are systemic, for example, in school, with protection services that can be ‑‑ can respond to the needs of children.
And also we should remember that safety online is a global challenge. For a global challenge, we need global solution. So international cooperation, finding solutions together is a must.
With this spirit, today we are here bringing together different stakeholders to share different perspectives, to share the challenges and the solution. So I hope this forum will provide some of this insightful discussions that will lead to some concrete recommendations and we can join hands to ensure global solutions are found to ensure children are safe online, thank you.
>> Okay, thank you, Dora, for sharing the diverse and promoting way of UNICEF China engaging with Chinese government and the Civil Society, exploring opportunities and highlighting the tech company's role in safeguard children's online safety. Thank you, Dora. We will shift to the global perspective. I would like to invite our colleague, Afrooz, who is joining us online, to share UNICEF's ‑‑ how Child Online Protection, could we further strengthen and role in technology companies in this important issue and topic. Please, Afrooz, floor is yours.
>> AFROOZ KAVIANA JOHNSON: Thank you so much for the invitation. It is a pleasure to join you, albeit remotely. May I confirm that you can see my slides?
>> Just a second, Afrooz. We are testing.
>> AFROOZ KAVIANA JOHNSON: I'm sharing my screen. Can you see it, or is it better to manage it from there?
>> ‑‑ as fast as we can.
>> AFROOZ KAVIANA JOHNSON: No worries.
>> Our colleague is solving technical problem and try to have sharing are our end. Please wait for us.
>> AFROOZ KAVIANA JOHNSON: No problem. In the interest of time I can start speaking while they set it up. Does that work for you?
>> Of course, please, Afrooz.
>> AFROOZ KAVIANA JOHNSON: Okay, thank you so much. So I think the scene has been set by opening remarks with respect to the incredible opportunities the digital environment provides for children and the need to address the risks. This is really the critical question, how we can maximize the benefits of digital technology for children while mitigating the risks of harm.
While one of UNICEF's global strategic goals is to protect every child from all forms of violence and exploitation. In today's age this includes forms of violence and exploitation that are enabled or facilitated by digital technologies.
In other words, to design effective prevention and effective response strategies we have to be specific about the risks. At the global level we have identified four key priority areas. The first is to protect children from sexual abuse and exploitation facilitated by digital technologies. The second is to protect children from bullying, harassment and other forms of violence online. The third is protect children from economic exploitation and mis‑use of personal data. The fourth to protect them from harmful content online. So UNICEF's work globally is guided and shaped by principles and united nation rights of the child And General Comment 25 by the conventions treaty body. These ensure a balanced and right‑spaced approach.
Perhaps I can check in there to see if you are able to see my screen or not yet?
>> Yes, we share screen. It is a technical issue from our end, but please continue. You can change the slide, please.
>> AFROOZ KAVIANA JOHNSON: Okay. You can see ‑‑ some can see a slide that says guiding principles? Anyway, I will not take up time talking about technical issues, but let me just talk through some of these key principles that guide our work in this area and that should also guide the work of technology companies. So the first is really understanding that Children's Rights are interconnected, interrelated, indivisible. This means efforts to protect children online necessarily intersect with other rights in convention of the child such as access to information, freedom of expression, of association, privacy and education.
While measures to protect children and to, you know, realise their rights to protection are critical they cannot arbitrarily limit other rights.
The second key principle to highlight is we need to recognise and support children's agency and resilience. This includes giving weight to what children think and seeking their views when we are considering policy design as well as technology design and implementation.
The third point is recognise children are not homogenous group. We are talking everyone under 18, a broad range of children, but face particular risks. For example, children with disabilities. Steps are necessary to make the digital environment safe but also counter any biases that may lead to overprotection or exclusion of certain groups of children.
The fourth key principle is need to consider risks and opportunities that shift with children's age and developmental stage. So, like I mentioned, when we look at this age range up until the age of 18, the needs and considerations for protecting a 2 ‑year‑old are very different, for example, than protecting a 10 ‑year‑old versus protecting a 17 ‑year‑old.
Then the other point here is that risks and solutions need to go beyond, you know, this artificial distinction between online and offline.
Finally the point is we need to underpin all our interventions by using the most up‑to‑date and robust data, research, monitoring and evaluation that are available. In summary when thinking of guiding principles we must recall protecting children in digital spaces includes thoughtful, inclusive and evidence‑based strategies.
Now the evolution of digital technologies has outpaced many country's legislative and regulatory frameworks and support services required to keep children safe. So as was mentioned by the previous speakers, catching up really requires a collaborative and cross‑sectorial approach. It calls for expanding community of people and sectors committed to protecting children. We can only achieve this by leveraging skills and capabilities across different sectors including digitalisation, criminal justice, social services, education, health, Civil Society and the private sector.
Of course the focus of this session, the private sector, we know the private sector plays a pivotal role in shaping children's digital experiences.
The digital environment is highly commercialized. When we are talking about businesses in the space, it is ranging from social platforms and search engines to mobile operators to e‑retail services and data brokers. All these playing and important and influential role in influences that impact Children's Rights directly and indirectly. With this influence comes both an opportunity and responsibility to respect Children's Rights and ensure their safety online.
Importantly, this responsibility is not limited to companies whose primary audience is children. Extends to all those whose products or services may impact children. The responsibility also extends beyond just the big tech giants which we often think of when we are thinking of this topic, but rather companies of all sizes and across all sectors are increasingly adopting digital technologies in ways that pose potential actually risk to children.
All companies, regardless of their size or sector, have responsibility to respect Children's Rights and to enable the remediation of any adverse child rights impacts that they cause or contribute to. This responsibility is laid out in the UN guiding principles on business and human rights and child rights and business principles.
Every company has a different level of influence and potential to affect Children's Rights. Conducting child rights impact assessments can allow companies to identify specific risks and challenges and help shift from the reactive approaches that we've often seen to more proactive, preventive measures.
The committee on the rights of the child emphasizes corporate accountability. They state that states should require businesses to undertake child rights, due diligence and in particular to carry out child rights assessments in order to prevent and address any risks to children. And UNICEF, we have heard about the experience in China, but globally we have collaborated with companies and stakeholders to develop practical tools for child rights impact assessments and due diligence, as well as other influences in the business ecosystem, spending investors, standard‑setters and industry associations to drive action.
We have provided policy guidance. Some of this was mentioned in the first opening remarks, for example, on AI. Also on data governance. And these resources are really designed to help companies understand their impact and take action to respect Children's Rights. We also engage with companies through multi ‑sectorial alliances such as we protect alliance which brings together go-tos, company, Civil Society to tackle specific issue of online sexual abuse and exploitation. Across these efforts let me emphasize UNICEF doesn't endorse any company, brand, product or service. Rather all efforts are guided by the goal of improving outcomes for children at scale. That includes building an open knowledge base of practical guidance on responsible business conduct in relation to child rights in the digital age.
To drive positive change, UNICEF has developed recommendations addressing four priority areas I mentioned at the beginning. These include actions relating to strengthening systems and services, engaging companies, policy advocacy, legal reform, policy action and legal research. I'm not sure yet if you are seeing my screen. If you are there is a QR code to read more from our policy brief.
In closing, I really want to emphasize it is a unique opportunity this moment to anticipate and address potential risks to children when we are thinking about technology, design and governance. It was a couple months ago Member States agreed to this new digital global compact and gives us an opportunity to commit to Children's Rights in digital age. This environment needs to ensure accountability but at the same time it needs to be encouraging of companies to actively identify problems and persist in finding solutions. And this means collaborating across different sectors, engaging with children, experts and resources and maintaining open dialogue. By sharing these insights and learning I'm very optimistic we can achieve meaningful change, thank you.
>> Thank you, thank you a lot, Afrooz and thank you for introducing us UNICEF's position, safeguarding online child protection and guiding principles. I would like to highlight the last two words. You introduced as proactive as the way of interpreting responsibility of the companies and also at scale embedded as the companies so thank you again for joining us and insight for sharing speech.
Next I would like to invite Dr. Sally Sully(?)at the China University and Department of History for the University. The floor is yours.
>> Thank you, cooperate for children online safety and to share with CPIS, alongside with UNICEF's China and Communication University of China. Thank you for all of you.
Today we gather to address the position concerning ensuring keep companies children online will be our discussion around three aspect regarding children online. I liken future but children rely need companies, not just children. They need protect or the old people they need ‑‑ prefer. Ensuring (?) Companies must design an efficient protects and safest that advertise children safety and privacy.
Considering children include needs right during development process. We urge companies and adopt a child country appreciated conviction safety future and parental control in products. By doing so, we can make ‑‑ mitigate risks and make safer environment. Affect policies and measures. Secondly companies must establish and implement robust policies and the Child Online Protection. This includes clear guidance dedicating terms and overseas effort and utilizing technical and manual process. We encourage collaboration between companies and government and organisation to sway this best practice and drive collective policies.
Lastly, rising awareness about Child Online Protection is collective. Company must assume policy through promoting safety through education and policy initiative. We have advocated for increased engagement, encouraging individual to participate in shaping a safer online (?) Together we can foster future cultural responsibility and responsive.
Third ‑‑ cancellation ‑‑ in conclusion with our collective efforts can be significant in protect the children online safety. We urge each companies to advertise safety and effective policies and promoted awareness that us unite to build a digital future where children can ‑‑ children and adults can ‑‑ are free from harm. Thank you very much.
>> Thank you, thank you a lot, Doctor.
>> I can't see you. I forget my eyes ‑‑ my glasses, can't read without them, thank you.
>> No problem. Thank you, I think Dr. Sally (?) highlighted at the stage company should consider child rights when develop policies development and platforms and we think alike that it is very important to have industrial regulation and guidance, which is CFI, China and lot of SIT partners we are devoting into this process.
Next utilize secretary of party, secretary school of information and communication and nearing of communication university of China, please, the floor is yours.
>> Thank you, respected Secretary‑General, Chiwa, Ms. Dora, ladies and gentlemen, good afternoon. It is my great honour to participate in the 2024 IGF Open Forum promoting tech companies to ensuring children's online safety. My name is Dandan Jones (?), director of International Office at Communication, University of China.
In this era of digital intelligence, we are fortunate to discuss a highly relevant discussion of children's safety. The university was founded in 1954, this year marks our 70th university so regarded as cradle of talent for China's industry for broadcasting and television, as well known in university education of information communication. With rapid development of the Internet, the wave of information networking has swept across the globe. As of June 2024, the number of Internet users in China has reached a nearly 1.1 billion increase of 7.42 million compared to December 2023. We then Internet penetration rate of 78%.
The number of underaged Internet users in China continues to grow accepting 193 million and its Internet penetration rate among minors has risen to 97.2%. What is rate of ability of Internet have to increasing number of where children can access and use emerging technologies. The important of Internet, scientific and technological advancement in lives of children is becoming increasingly evident, presenting various opportunities for their growth while bringing numerous challenges.
How Internet companies can fulfil their social responsibilities through technological information and better serve wealth of underused users has become one of the focal points of social concern.
CUC has placed high importance on emerging technologies and cybersecurity actively promoting indication graduation of technological process and social responsibilities and has strong academic integration in field of intelligent media networks, encourage Internet companies to ‑‑ is right? No voice, okay?
In responsible technological innovations. CUC team has participated in technological innovation for children project initiative by China Internet Development Foundation, together with the foundation and UNICEF, they have conducted a collection of typical cooperate case studies get a deeper understanding of practices of Internet companies in responsible technology innovation as backdrop against China's emphasis of protection of children.
This initiative aims to ‑‑ cooperate examples that actively fulfil social responsibilities in field of Internet technology innovation providing safer, healthy and more beneficial products and services for children by sharing successful AI experience. It further experiences stimulation awareness and responsibility across society. Unlike traditional Internet application, AI‑driven Internet application incorporate intelligent technology such as natural learning, deep learning, natural language processing and graphs.
Use of these technologies helps provide great benefits for children such as skills in monitoring quality, content, recommendations and a company shaped for spatial growth. However, these emerging technologies pose many risks to children including fairness, data privacy concerns, Internet addiction. Therefore, this should deepen cooperation with stakeholders such as government departments, research institutions and social organisations. This collaborative efforts aims to find global guidelines and rules for protecting children. Collaborative efforts for (?) And rules for protecting children's online safety thereby promoting the healthy development of emerging technologies and better benefitted people around the world.
Here I call upon all the esteemed guests to join us in our efforts to ensure that Internet applications bring greater benefits to the vulnerable and deserving children. We must take effective measures to minimise risks as much as possible. Through this open forum I hope we can reach a consensus on children's online safety and actively promote global technology companies to ensure the safety of children online. Thank you for your attention.
>> Thank you, thank you a lot, Dandan Jones, for bringing the voice from academia. Jones' summary, she mentioned the importance of our proactive action to prepare the emerging technology, for example the AI drive of the Internet applications, that is also important reason why. We bring voices from the companies to join this forum. Next two speakers come from the CUC industry. Next, Yun Lei from Family Education Specialties, the floor is years.
>> Thank you, distinguished guests, ladies and gentlemen. It is an honour to participate in this workshop and deliberate building our multistakeholder stakeholder future. Today I would like to present on the topic of parenting in the digital age. Cultivating responsible online behaviour. Could you help me with the slides? Doesn't work, okay.
In this context conflicts in mobile time between parents and children have become prevalent. In China due to parent's prolonged working hours, children's academic stress and scarcity of peer playmates children are increasingly inclined to use online entertainment as their main form of entertainment. Confronted with this challenge China has implemented a stringent weekly time limit of three hours for ‑‑ next slide, please.
Confronted with this challenge China has implemented stringent weekly time limit of three hours for hand‑held games, accompanied by verification and purchase restrictions. Tencent is Internet enterprise not only complies with regulations but also takes the initiative to provide parental guidance and services for public good. The Tencent Customer Protection Center represents a crucial stop in this regard.
Since 2017 our center has expanded from team of 20 to ‑‑ next, please. Thank you. Since 2017 our center has expanded from team of 20 to professional team of 500. A national hotline has been established to assist in utilization of digital products. To date it has served over 36 million domestic users, thereby augmenting Internet literacy, safety awareness, family education and online mental health. Next, please.
We have a team of educational technology counsellors, offering complementary online home school services. To benefit the number of parents in the digital age. The public service home schooling model has been launched, furnishing families with educational, counselling and educational solutions. Next, please.
We have mobilized 218,000 volunteers across the nation to engage in the work of safeguarding minors on the Internet. We have recognized outstanding family volunteers and other outstanding volunteers or risk teams of the year 2024. Ms. Dora Giusti, okay. She is here today, how lucky. Director of child protection of UNICEF office in China was delighted to address the event. During wait stated that positive parenting is efficacious strategy for promoting family harmony, well‑being and child protection. We advocated for this concept.
Research indicates parents in the ‑‑ parent's digital literacy influence children's perspectives on online activities. When parents serve as exemplary models in terms of Internet usage and possess the ability to discern online information, children are more likely to perceive the Internet as a tool for learning and the personal development.
Through patient guidance and effective communication, parents and children can reach a consensus on the appropriate purpose and duration of Internet use, thereby guiding children to utilize the Internet purposefully and responsibly.
I would like to share a case. There was a 16 ‑year‑old boy whose father initially failed to comprehend his gaming activities. Subsequently, upon realizing their child was engaging in gaming, due to a profound interest in tank. The father purchased a model tank and accompanied the child and visited several museums. Currently their children is studying Design at University.
This exemplifies that with supportive systems where children's responsible online behaviours. They can achieve remarkable feats.
In China we collaborate with local governments, academic institutions and social organisations for the common good, with a focus on the well‑being of manner. Looking ahead, we will continue to make contributions to the development of youth in the digital age. Thank you.
>> Thank you, thank you a lot, Ms. Lei, for practices promising experience from Minor Protection Center that give example how to hear the voice of children and also highlight importance of parenting skills, which is also a focus area of UNICEF's working in China. We also have a lot of (?) Parenting and digital literacy not only for children but for the community, family. Thank you, Ms. Li. Now Mr. Lei E. Founding of AI Programming, the floor is yours.
>> Thank you. Hello, everyone. I'm honoured to be with you at IGF 2024. I was fortunate to grow in that era and for me programming wasn't just way to make a living, autonomy skills like logic, creativity and problem‑solving. I realise how beneficial skills can be for young mind in the long‑term.
That is why my team and I funded this years ago. Today we have trained over 5 million students in coding. We foster children's development, with the four‑in-one model. One language, which is programme language. When we are thinking, which is computational thinking. One ability, innovation ability. One perspective, which has view of future. Our projects are designed with children's safety in mind from the very start. Each undergoes multiple testing before launch to ensure there is no harmful content. We also considered a different stage of student development to ensure our programmes are friendly and safe for kids of all ages.
Besides being a programmer and creator, I'm a father of three. Unlike me today's children are growing up in age of AI. Whether we like it or not, we are all facing (?) Of AI and profoundly face (?) And child safety recognise benefits and threats posed by IT. As educator and father I contemplate about how AI impact education and how children can grow up well in the new era.
AI can absorb knowledge and information so efficiently and widely. Much more than a single person could ever learn. This makes AI (?) In helping children in knowledge. We have already be gun to incorporate AI into education. Helping kids understand what AI is, how it works and use it more effectively. However, AI is not all‑powerful. Currently AI makes takes and if you miss to identify dots generated by AI and make the final decisions. We hope that through all of our efforts children can approach AI more wisely rather than simply trusting (?). AI present certain threats. We want children to be aware of the danger, threat when encounter AI‑based schemes, such as deep fakes. They can recognise and pretend themselves.
Our company is committed to a public welfare and is dedicated to helping more children understand the future world of technology. We start wisdom behind natural generation. It is a challenging task. But we deeply care about the long‑term benefit for children. This commitment to their future is why we are dedicated to this mission, thank you.
>> Thank you, Mr. Lei Sherry,(?) for opinion not only founder of technology company but father. Thank you, Dr. Lei. Today we only get one hour but I leave this successful and would like to conclude with three key words. The first is proactive, as highlighted by Ms. Afrooz, the Global Lead on Child Protection, UNICEF headquarter. The proactive is why we highlight importance of promoting technology companies to participate in this important topic. The second one is comprehensive strategy, highlighted by Dora, is reason why today multiple stakeholders from diverse background also have diverse practice experience to share insight. Last is global solution, also highlighted by Dora, is reason why we meet here and the importance of this open forum to give us platform to this cause and change, promoting the experience. I would like to thank you for sharing and your insights. Stay tuned next year. We may meet again at the IGF 2025. Thank you all for attending this open forum.